Method of and machine for extruding metal.



D. -L.' SUMMEY, METHOD OF AND MACHINE FOR EXTRUDING METAL.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 10, 1910.

Patented Dec. 12, 1911.

6 SHEETS-13331 1.

Patented Dec. 12, 1911. I s SHEETS-SHEET 2.

1). L. SUMMEY. METHOD OF AND MACHINE FOR BXTRUDING METAL. APPLIOATIONTIL BD MAR. 10, 1910.

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D. L. SUMMEY. 1

METHOD OF AND MACHINE FOR EXTBUDING METAL.

APPLICATION FILED MARJO, 1910.

Patented Dc. 12, 1911.

6 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

D. L. SUMMEY. METHOD OF AND MACHINE FOR EXTRUDING METAL.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 10, 1910.

Patented Dec. 12, 1911.

D. L. SUMMEY.

METHOD OF AND MACHINE FOR EXTRUDING METAL.

APPLICATION FILED MAR.10, 1910.

, 1,011,522. Patented D,ec.12,1911.

6 SHEETS-SHEET 5.

D. L. SUMMEY.

METHOD OPAND MACHINE FOR EXTRUDING METAL. APPLICATION FILED MAR.10, 1910. 1,011,522, I Patented Dec.12,19l1.

6SHEETSSHEET E.

g E i l V l w KM om sratrnsrntrnnr l OFFICE.

DAVID L. simmnn or wnrnmaumr, comvncricur, Lssrenon' 'ro cnnsn noLLmG M11 13 (30., OF WATERBURY, CONNECTICUT, A CORPORATION.

METHOD OF AND MACHINE FOR 'EXTRUDING METAL To all whom it may concern: Be it known that I, DAVID L. SUMMEY, a citizen of the United States, residing at Waterbury, in the county of New Haven and State of Connecticut, have invented'a new and useful Improved Method of and Machine for Extruding Metal;and I do hereby. declare the following, when taken in connection with the accompanying drawings' and the letters of reference marked thereon, to be a full, clear, and exact description of the same, and which said drawings constitute part of this specification, and represent, in-

Figure 1 a plan view in -the nature of -a diagram, ofone machine constructed in accordance/with my invention may assume.

through the container and cylinders of my improved machine, the outer ends of two of its four arms being broken away, and the mandrel and die being advanced into their operating positions in the billet-chamber o the container. Fig. 3 a broken view in horizontal section of the main-casting showing the container and a billet positioned therein for which purpose the mandrel and die and the-rams have been retired and are not shown. Fig; 4 a corresponding but more comprehensive view showing the mandrel and die in their operative positions and the rams as advanced upon the ends of the billet to force the metal past the mandrel and die in the production of an extruded tube. Fig. 5 a broken view in vertical section on the line a b of Fig. 4 showing the provision for longitudinally adjusting the containeLin themain-casting as Well'fs for preventing its rotation therein. Fig. 6 a broken view of the machine in vertical section .on the line c-d of Fig. 2,'showing the maincasting, the container and the mandrel and die which latter are represented in their retired positions.- Fig.

7 a broken view of the main-casting in side elevation, showing the mechansm employed.

for locking the mandrel and die in their op- Fig. 8 a'broken view partly 1n side elevation and partly in vertical section of one of themain hydraulic cylinders Fig. 9 a corresponding view of one pairof the auxiliary hydraulic cylin ders.

My invention relates to an improved form which an extrusion Fig. 2 a broken. view, on a larger scale,'1n horizontal SBClZlOlI Specification of Letters latent. Patented Dec, 12, 1911.

I Application filed March 10, 1910. Serial No. 548,451.

method of, and machine for, extruding metal tubes, rods and the like, the object being to'produce extruded metal stock of superior quality and at a reduced cost.

With these ends in view my invention consists in the method and machine'to be hereinafter described and pointed out in the claims.

In carrying out my invention, Iemploy a horizontally arranged cylindricalcontainer'2 formed with a central, horizontal billet-chamber 3 open at both ends. As

shown, the billet-chamber 3 is circular, but its cross-sectional form may be varied as found expedient. Thesaid container 2 is as a also formed with a transverse passage shaped like an hour-glass, openat both ends and'intersecting the. said billet-chamber 3 midway the .length thereof and at a right angle thereto. This passage forms two conical centering-chambers 4 for the. reception, respectively, of the conical hold: ers 5 and '6 of the mandrel 7 and die 8.... i

In practicing my improvedmethod, a bil let 9, preferably heated and relatively long as compared with its diameter, is introduced into the billet-chamber 3 at a time when the said mandrel 7 and die 8 are entirely: retired therefrom. The billet is solid, andby the-term solid I refer to the condition of the billet which is sufiiciently rigid to retain its shape while being. introduced into the billet chamber and not to the shape or form of the billet which, if desired, might be perforated or-hollow. After the billet has been positioned in the said chamber, the mandrel and die are advanced the'reinto, and embedded and positioned in the billet the waist of which, .so .to speak, they enter. The billet is then subjected to pressure upon its opposite ends, causing the metal .comprising it to flowat a ri ht angle to its axial line around the mandre 7 and through the die 8 in the form of a tube.

The'said container 2 is formed, as shown, with a centrally arranged wide external rib 10 the continuity of which. is broken at;

pposite points by the two conical center.-

ing-chambers 4 already described. The said .rib 10 is registered, when. the container is with a corresponding internal in position, rib 11 centrally located within a cylindrical opening 13 adapted in diameter to receive the container 2'andformed in a main casting 14 resting upon bed-plates 15. The Opits work by means of. four'draft-rods '28 ,the auxiliary hydraulic cylinders 31, u i. "only effective when the water pressure is shown, in front-of one of the rams 16 after posite ends of the opening 13 are th i aded '23 are thus fixed in their relation to the main-casting" 14. Locking nuts 25, 26,

or the reception of bushing-like nuts 12 respectively'encircling the ends of the container and bearing against the opposite edges of its rib 10. These bushings prevent the container from movin in the main-casting but permit it to be ongitudinally adjusted therein.

For simultaneously subjecting the billet 9 to endwise pressure at both ends. in the chamber 3, I em loy two corres onding rams 16 operated y duplicate mec anisms located on the opposite sides of the mamcasting 14 but in line with each other and in line with the said chamber 3, each of these mechanisms constituting an arm of the machine when the same is viewed broadly as in Figs. 1 and-2.

Each ram 16 is-secured by a head 17 to a guide-block 18 traveling back and forth upon corresponding columns 19 passing horizontally through holes 20 in the maincasting 14 from the opposite sides of which they project for equal distances, being held against endwise movement in the holes 20 by their provision with nuts 21 bearing against the sides of the said casting. Each guide-block 18 is carried by a plunger 22 operated by a hydraulic cylinder'23 formed on opposite sides with sleeves 24 receiving the ends of the columns 19. The cylinders mounted upon the ends of the columns 19 position the sleeves 24 and hence the cylinders 23.

Water for the operation of the plungers 22 is admittedto the cylinders 23 through openings 27 in the outer ends thereoffrom water-supply pipes 27. Each of the plungers 22 is .retracted after it has done fastened at theirinner ends to the guide" blocks 18 and having .their outer ends connected to yokes 29 respectively actuated by pistons 30 entered at their inner ends into small auxiliary hydraulic cylinders 31 located above and below the main cylinder 23; Water pressure tending to move the-plungers 22 .outward-is constantlymaintained in removed from the main cylinders 23.

In using the machine, the billet 9 will be placed by suitable delivering means, not

which the two rams will be advanced simultaneously, whereby the billet will be introduced into the chamber 3 and then subjected to endwise compression by the simultaneous advance of the rams into the opposite ends of the said chamber, as will be described later. on. i

After a billet has been introduced into the blllt chamber 3, the mandrel 7 and die mandrel-holder 5 is 8 will be simultaneously advanced from Op-.

the line of the'mejchanisms already described for operatinggthe two rams 16, the effect of the whole machine being that of a large cross of. four as already stated. The mandrel-""a rfdfdies: operating mechanisms employ conical*l 10lders.5 and 6 conformed in shape to the conical centering-chambers 4 to insure the centering respectively of the mandrel 7 and the die 8 and to hold them firmly in-their operating positions against lateral thrust.

The .hollow die-holder 5 carrying the die 8 is screwed into a conical coupling-sleeve 32 mounted upon the inner end of'a long hollow stem 33 having an annular shoulder 34 about midway of its length and nonrotatably mounted in a cross-head 35- the ends of which are connected with the inner ends of piston-rods 36 the outer ends of which terminate in double-acting pistons 37 working in cylinders 38 mounted in a supporting casting 39. The said cross-head 35 is moved back and forth upon horizontal 44. By preference I employ a guide-tube 45' having its inner end'connected to the nut43 and arranged in line with the hollow stem 33, to receive and guide the product of the machine. The mechanism'provided for operating the mandrel 7 is the same as the mechanism already described, barring the provision for the escape of the extruded product of the'machine. Thus the conical solid rather than hollow and so on. \n

For locking the mandrel 7 and die 8 in their operating positions against outward thrust, I employ locking mechanisms which, as shown, are duplicates of each other. Each of these mechanisms consists of a sleeve 46 having interrupted threads and mounted for partial rotation upon the stem 33 at a point between the coupling-sleeve upon theinner faces. of bushings 47 located 130 columns 40 fastened at their inner ends by 32 at its forward end and 'the annularshoul- I e r in 14.

- hen the mandrel 7 and die For non-rotatably mounting in threaded chambers 48 in the main 'cast- 8 have been advanced into their home positions and their conical holders 5 and 6 have been firmly seated in the centering chambers 4 in the container 2, the' said holders, and there'- fore the die and mandrel, are firmly locked in such positions by'means of the said lock- 'ing-sleeves 46 which have advancedcorrespondingly with the hollow stems 33. The locking-sleeves 46 are now rotated a oneeighth turn as required for" interlocking their interrupted threads with those of the bushings 47. For turning the lockingsleeves 46, I employ operating-rings 49 encircling their outer endstand located within housings 50 secured by bolts 51' to the mainc'asting 14. The said rings 49 are encircled 2 by roller-bearings '52 and provided with toothed segments 53 meshing into racks 54 mounted on double-ended piston-rods 55 the 'respective ends of which enter locking-cylinders 56' and unlocking cylinders 57 to whichwater under pressureis admitted as required tomove the racksy54 so. as to turn the operating-ring 49 in one direction or the other as required for locking or unlocking the said locking-sleeves 49.

the operat-v ing-rings 49--upon the 'outer -ends of the locking-sleeves 46, the said rings are formed with wide locking-ribs 58 which enter clear- -ance spaces 59 between the interrupted threads of the saidsleeves, whereby the same are free to be moved back and forth with respect to the rings, but when once entered thereinto are non-rotatably coupled therewith. 1

Having now described my improved machine, I will now set forththe methodyof its operation. a A relatively long billet 9, preferably-cylindrical, though the cross-section form of the billet is immaterialfis' placed by .any suitable delivery mechanism, before one or the otherof the two rams 16 after which the said rams are simultaneously moved inward toward each other, whereby the billet is.

f 50 entered into the billet-receiving chamber 3' -inthe container 2, the mandrel 7 and die BJbeing at this time in" their retired positio'ns; 'or, in other words, at the limit of their outward excursions.- The billet having thus 5 5 been positioned in the billet-chamber 3, the

mandrel 'iy and die 8 aresimultaneously. ad

, vanced toward eachother in'a line at a right angle to 'theline passing through the billet i and the rams 1'6, andenter the waist of the 60' billet sat o posite points in the perimeter y F H 'ffl'thereof fan i midway. oi-it's length By the entrance of the die 8' intothe' billetijthe" metal-thereof is tappedofl, so tos eak,froma oint within the perimeter the'reo and hence the container as any point on its perimeter from which, however, the metal might be die have been positioned, asdescribed, and locked in place by the mechanism provided for the purpose, the rams 16 are simultatruding operation, the holders 5 and 6 are withdrawn by the outward movement of the trudedend of the billet will be ejected in thereinto. The retirement .of the mandrel and die for the introduction of a solid billet imandrel and die of the mandrel alone in the billet prior to subjecting the same to pressure, are the. salient features of my ,present invention. I It will be understood, of-qourse, that the diflt'erent parts of the machine herein shown and described willbe timed to .act in the lthe machine will'be'regulated-by the action in suitable concert of valves, not shown, but

cvlinders of the machine.

the metal of the billet will flow from its center in opposite directions, and'tworods, .round, square, entagonalor of any other "cross-sectlonal orm', willbe simultaneously iholderwith a plurality ,of dies, a plurality of tubesmight be simultaneously extruded, all in thesame direction. J 0.ther dies might l also be located .inthe central-portionvof the to tapofi some of the metal of thebilleti- "Iclaimr- @in gr- V U ing .c'hamb'er formed'in the container, then igngroin a-point not so liable to be chilled by simultaneously subj ec tirigthe. opposite ends of thebillet to inward orfth any eonvenient'manner from the said chamher before the introduction of another billet order above stated, and thatthe timing of tapped though I prefer not to do it, for the reasons stated. When the mandrel and 1 'neously advanced upon the opposite ends of cross-heads 35, whereby the mandrel 71and Q die 8 are entirely cleared from the billet chamber 3 after which the stump or unex-Q into, a container and the embedding, of the placed so as to control the-several pressure- 7 In case it is des gned to extrude rods, the

{solid holder '6 will be replaced by aholder i-like theholder 5 and the mandrel 7 by ya fdie like the die 8. 'Under this arrangement 7 produced; 'or, if desired, a .pluralit of dies ;with apluralit'y of mandrels and the other" billet-receiving chamber so as not .toai'I1te1"-* I an with the mandrel 7 and-die 8,5'b11ts0jas v -12s A method of extruding tmetjair; consistpositioning .a' billetEin' aibillet-reoeivtrusion of the metal which is shaped by a mandrel from the container to permit another billet to be introduced thereinto.

3. A method of extruding metal consisting in positioning a billet in a container, then advancing a mandrel into the container and billet at a right angle to the longitudinal axis thereof, then simultaneously subjecting the opposite ends of the billet to pressure for the extrusion of the metal, and

then retiring the mandrel from the container to permit the introduction of another billet theremto.

4. A method of extruding metal consisting in positioning a billet in a container, then advancing a mandrel and a die from opposite directions into the'container at a right angle to, the longitudinal axis of the billet, then subjecting the opposite ends of the billet to pressure, and then retiring the mandrel and die for the introduction of 5. In an extrusion machine, the combination with a container, of means for subjecting a billet to pressure therein, a mandrel, a die, and means for advancing the mandrel into the container to embed it in a billet therein and for retiring the mandrel from the container preparatory to the introduction of a billet thereinto.

6. In an extrusion machine, the combination with a container, of rams for subjecting the billet to pressure after its-introduction, thereto, a mandrel located at ,a right angle to the rams, and means for reciprocating the mandrel whereby the same isembedded in the billet after the same has been introduced into the container, and whereby the mandrel is retired from the container to permit the introduction of another billet thereinto.

7. In an extrusion-machine, the combination with a container having a billet chainber, of two rams for simultaneously entering the opposite ends of the said chamber, a mandrel and a die respectlvely entering the opposite sides of the said chamber, and

means for retiring and advancing the said mandrel and before and after the introduction of a billet th'ereinto.

8. In an extrusion machine, the combination with a container having a billet-chamber, of two rams for being simultaneously advanced into the opposite ends of the said chamber after the introduction of a billet thereinto, a mandrel entering the sa1d chamber at a right angle to the line of the said duction of a billet thereinto.

9. In an extrusion machine, the combination with a container having a billet-chamber, and two conical centering chambers located in line with each other but at an angle withrespect to the longitudinal axis of the said billet-chamber, rams for entering the opposite ends of the billet-chamber, conical holders adapted to be centered in the said conical centering chambers, means for operating the holders back and forth at a right angle to. the movement of the rams, and means carried by the said holders for shaping the metal extruded.

. 10. In an extrusion machine, the combination with a container having a billet-chamber open at both ends, of rams entering the opposite ends of the billet-chamber, a mandrel and a die, means for advancing them in a line at a right angle to the movement of the rams after the billet is in place in the said chamber, and means for locking the said mandrel and die in their advanced positions.

11. In an extrusion machine, the combination with a container having a billet-chamber open at both ends, of rams for being simultaneously advanced into the opposite ends of the said chamber, a mandrel and a die entering the said chamber through openings in-the sides of the container, holders for the said mandrel and die, andmeans for operating the said holders to advance the said mandrel and die after the billet is in place in the said chamber. I

12. In an extrusion machine, the combination with a container having a billet-chamber open at both ends, of rams; entering the opposite ends thereof, a mandrel and a die entering the billet-chamber at a right angle to the rams, holders for the said mandrel and die, means for advancing the said holders after the'billet is in place in the said chamber, locking devices for the holders, and means for operating the said locking-dc vices. v

13. In an extrusion machine, the combination with a container having a billet-chamber, of two rams entering the opposite ends of the said chamber, a mandrel and a die entering the said chamber from the o posite sides thereof, holders carryin the said mandrel and die, locking means or looking the said mandreL and die holders in their /advanced positions, and racks and pinions for operating the said locking means.

v posite ends of the said chamber forpositioning the container in the main-casting,- rams entering the opposite ends of the billet Y ori-pea 14. In an extrusion machine, the combination with a container having a billet-chamber, of rams entering the opposite'ends of the said chamber, a mandrel enteringfthe' tion with a container having a billet-chamber, of rams entering the opposite ends of the said chamber, a mandrel and a die entering the said chamber through theopposite sides thereof, holders for the said mandrel and die, cross-headsin which the holders are mounted, and cylinders connected with the .ends of the cross-heads for operating the same, whereby the cylinders are located the path of the metal ex- .truded. 3

16. In an extrusion machine, the combinai on either side of tion with a main-casting havinga containerchamber, of a container located in the said chamber, means for positioning the said container in the said chamber by moving it endwise therein, rams entering the billetchamber in the container, a mandrelenten ing .the billet-chamber throughf the side thereof, and means for .a'dvancmg. and retiring the mandrel after the positmningiof a billet in the billet chamber.},.;

17. In an extrusion machine, the combine tion with a maimcasting having a container.-

chamber, of 'a container located therein, threaded positioning rings located in theopchamber in the container, a'mandreliand a die entering the side walls of thel-billet'-1 -r chamber through openings 'in thesides of the said container, and meanslfor operating},

the said mandrel anddie.

g 18. In an extrusion machine, the 'combina-. tion with a containerhavin'ga -billetjcham- .ber open at both ends for the introduction of the billets, and with two conical center ing chambers located at. 'airi' ht .an'gle'to' "the longitudinal axis of the sai billetcham- ,ber; of rams arranged to ententhe-eiids of .the billet-chamber, two conical holders ref spectively entering the'; cen'terin .nhsmbers.

.and metal-shapingtool'smounte in the' holderS. I i 1 19. In an. extrusion 'm .hi'neith nation with a containerforniedwith a Billet chamber open at its ends 1? th tion ofthe billets, and-with tering-chambers located5in* receiving chain r, conicalfholders entering the said conical centering-chambers, I means ntroduce other and at a right angleftothefilongitiidi 1 ep fnal axis of the b1ll'et-'chamber, offra-msjtfor entering theop, ositeen'ds'of; thesaid billet-- v Q t i positionin'gia. 'illet'in a 'blllGf-lOBUV- for advancing thesa'id' holders after the introduction of the billets and forretiring the holders for the expulsion of the stumps of unextruded metal and the introduction of fresh; billets, and metal-shaping tools mounted in the holders.

20. In an extrusion machine, the combination with a container formed with a billetother and at a right angle to the longitudinal axis of the'billet-chamber, of rams arranged to enter the opposite'ends of the said billet-receiving chamber, two holders respectively entering the said centering-chamsaid holders; v g

21. A method of extruding metal consisting ininserting a solid billet in a billet-receiving chamber, then' subjecting the billet to endwise pressure in the billet-receiving j receiving chamber open at its ends for the introduction of 't'hebillets and with two centering-chambers located in line with each here, and metal-shaping tools mounted in the chamber and extruding the metal through an opening arranged atan' angle to the line of pressure.

22.-=A- method ofextruding metal consist- -1ng receiving chamber, then subjecting the op-' 'ininserting a solid billet into a billetpositeends of the billet to inward pressure and extruding the metalihrough an .opening-in the side of th'echamber.

' 23. 1Amethodo-f extruding metal consisting in inserting a solid billet into receiving chamber, then 'subjecti'ndg posite ends of the billet to inwar forthe extrusionjiof metal through a dielocated midway the length of the billet, and

the opest abillet- Y pressure 1 then retiring the die for cooling, then expel-' ling? the stump or unextruded portion of the billet. H

24; A method of extruding'metal consistfor the extrusion of the metal through an opening in the side of the said chamber and totheiline of" pressure, and t sertion of another billetl eachkeiid-{ofltheubil muiba of itiilaihg sea: area;

mg positioning a billet" in a billet-receiving chamber, then simultaneously subject I ing each end of'the billet ,to inward pressure a I 1115 i"25 A;methodQof-Qxtruding metal' consistj finglin positioning a billet. a billet-rece v "in/g chamber, then simultaneously sub ecting I each end of the billet to inward pressure for In testimony whereof, I have signed this the extrusion of thqmetal around a mandrel specification in the presence of two subscriblocated in the chaniber and throu h a. die ing Witnesses. DAVID L. SUMMEY.

opening out of the side of the chem er at an 5 angle to the line of pressure, then removing Witnesses:

the mandrel from the chamber and then re- F. L. ADAMS, moving the stump from the chamber. 7 J. Wmss. 

